Burrell: 'I hoped to carry on playing'
Important note: This article contains descriptions of discriminatory comments and behaviour
Ex-England player Luther Burrell claims that going public to expose racial discrimination in rugby union brought his career to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, showing digital communications and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I really wanted to carry on playing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just accept the fate and accept that this whole process is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not gather sufficient proof to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in February 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has placed significant attention on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both prior and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and classism," it added.
"The organization are ongoing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to strive for a environment of acceptance but acknowledge this takes time and is an ongoing process."
Every Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on creating inclusive cultures, with its effectiveness monitored via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including youth squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and finished your career, but in our eyes, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more open.
His charitable organization works to reach young people in under-served communities and support them thrive on and off the pitch with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if others is prepared to tell their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more confident others will become about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I need to take the bull by the opportunity and keep carrying this banner and keep supporting this weight and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that rugby has the potential to change their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022